SOAT1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The resulting phosphorylated STAT proteins form dimers that translocate into the nucleus, where they bind to DNA and regulate gene transcription (177, 178).The JAK-STAT signaling pathway exerts direct or indirect regulation on various types of TILs within the microenvironment of HCC, thereby impacting their invasion, differentiation, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and interaction.