SPP1 and swine influenza: This antiviral capacity was associated with a reduction in the inflammatory response in HEP-2 cells, and 3′-SL with OPN was able to significantly reduce the levels and mRNA expression of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS as a result of H1N1 virus infection, enhancing the innate immunity of cells to H1N1 virus in vitro.