LIF and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Untreated and LIF-treated passage 3 MuSC cultures were then transplanted at 40,000 cells/muscle into the TA muscles of NSG-mdx4Cv mice, a DMD model we have previously used to evaluate cell transplantation success (Arpke et al., 2013; Chan et al., 2018; Xie et al., 2021; Xie and Chan, 2023; Xie et al., 2023).