Interestingly, the elimination of microglia using CSF1R inhibitors was reported to prevent amyloid-beta plaque formation and disease progression in the 5XFAD and APP-PS1 mouse models of AD pathology (Olmos-Alonso et al., 2016; Spangenberg et al., 2019), and to reduce accumulation of pathogenic Tau in the Tg2541 tauopathy model, extending survival of female but not male mice (Johnson et al., 2023). Here, APP is linked to Alzheimer disease.