PPARGC1A and hydrops fetalis: Interestingly, they further found more rapid and drastic contractile dysfunction and earlier death in female mice compared with male, suggesting that maintenance of normal phenotype and function are more reliant on intact energy metabolism in female than male hearts.363 In addition, PGC-1α also mediates the protective role of nuclear receptor subfamily 2-group F-member 2(Nr2f2) and DYRK1B deletion, validating the potential possibility of targeting PGC-1α for HF therapy.364,365