T cell immunotherapy have provided new therapeutic dawn for a wide range of cancer patients, but T cell exhaustion may also represent an inherent impediment in exerting long-lived antitumor effects.614 Mitochondria have taken the spotlight as important regulators at different stages of T cell development, while mitochondrial dysfunction is an upstream driver of T cell exhaustion.615 Recently, numerous studies have highlighted the potential of targeting PGC-1α in combination with antitumor immunity owing to the predominant roles of PGC-1α in mitochondrial function. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and cancer.