C9orf72 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: To date, nearly 40 genes have been confirmed to be related to the incidence of ALS [10], and the most commonly studied genes include superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), trans-activation reaction DNA-binding protein (TAR DNA binding protein 43, TPD-43) (TARDBP), sarcoma fusion protein (FUS), optineurin (OPTN), sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), angiogenin (ANG), D-amino acid oxidase (DAO), dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1), VAMP-associated protein B and C (VAPB), sigma nonopioid intracellular receptor 1 (SIGMAR1), granulin precursor (GRN), and C9orf72-SMCR8 complex subunit (C9orf72) [10, 11].