Activation of the JAK/STAT3 signaling, together with co-stimulatory pathways, has a profound immunosuppressive activity by inducing the tumor cell expression of genes including PD-L1 (33, 34) and IDO1 (35), anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 or TGF beta, and the angiogenic factor VEGF (27). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.