SPP1 and glioblastoma: To explore additional mechanisms underlying Twist1-mediated OPN expression, we further analyzed CUT&RUN data with the top 50 transcriptional factors whose expression was positively regulated by Twist1 as revealed by our bulk RNA-seq analysis of Twist1 CRISPR/sgRNA–treated human GBM ECs; our analysis identified several transcriptional factors including Dpf3, Tbx15, Zmat1, Zscan18, and SATB1 that may most robustly interact with Twist1 (Fig. 7C).