However, the LSS/LP groups showed decreased TLR4, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-ĸB expression compared with the LSS/EP groups, suggesting that endothelial inflammation decreased accompanied by the time of reperfusion [Figs. 3(b) and 3(c)]. Here, VCAM1 is linked to inflammatory response.