Surgeries stimulate visceral sympathetic nerves, which can increase the synthesis and release of adrenal glucocorticoids through the hypothalamic–pituitary axis, inhibit the utilization of glucose in tissues, antagonize the effect of insulin, and cause stress, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperglycemia, placing the nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system in a state of stress. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hyperglycemia.