MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Studies in mouse models have shown that transplantation of the faecal microbiome from healthy (wild-type) mice with antibiotic cocktail pretreatment can reverse the abnormalities in the colonic expression of genes related to gut macrophage activity and the circulating inflammatory monocytes, and subsequently reduce brain Aβ burden and phosphorylation of tau protein and improve the cognitive function of AD (ADLPAPT) mice [59, 182].