The same effect of necroinflammation phenotype on GBM survival was observed with VEGFA expression, where male GBM with high VEGFA expression (equivalent to necroinflamed tumors, Supplementary Figure 4C) is the most aggressive tumors compared to female and male tumors with low VEGFA expression, both with equally higher survival rate (Figure 6A and Supplementary Figure 4C). Here, VEGFA is linked to glioblastoma.