TRAF3 and viral infectious disease: Furthermore, TRAF2, TRAF3, and other components of the NF-κB signaling pathway have been implicated in regulating viral infection and latency programs of other viruses, including Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) (70, 71), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (72), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (73, –, 75), and Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) (76, 77).