FOXO1 and Alzheimer disease: Some of the key proteins contained in the G3 (linear decrease) group include Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1)43, Interleukin 6 (IL6)44,45, and Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1)46,47, which have been implicated in various metabolic, age-, and immune system-related mechanisms that underlie AD pathogenesis.