Induction of ORF57 expression in BCBL-1 cells during KSHV lytic infection or ectopic ORF57 expression of ORF57 in HEK293T cells leads to ORF57 protein binding to the ORF57-binding core motif within the FOS RNA 5ʹ end to prevent FOS RNA from degradation mediated by the host destabilizer (s) and thus, resulting in increase of FOS RNA half-life (Fig. 4H). The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is infection.