APOE and Alzheimer disease: The predictive capabilities of these models were assessed using four distinct sets of genetic markers: 1) APOE-e4 counts, 2) AD PRS, 3) a composite of multiple PRSs, and 4) select SNPs refined through Elastic Net regularization.68 For the selection of SNP sets, we utilized the FUMA tool59 to prioritize independent genome-wide-significant SNPs or independent gene-annotated SNPs.