Dual-blockade of SAA and PD-1 not only reduced the PD-L1+ neutrophils (PD-L1+CD11b+Ly6G+ cells) infiltration (Fig. 6f, Supplementary Fig. 13 and 14a, b) but also enhanced the infiltration of TNF+/IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells (Fig. 6f and Supplementary Fig. 14c–f) in peritumoral tissue of HCC by using the flow cytometry analysis. The gene discussed is SAA1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.