LTA and appendicitis: The median concentration of serum TNF-β was significantly lower in children with complicated appendicitis (7.2 [IQR 5.0–10.9] pg/mL) compared to children with uncomplicated appendicitis (9.2 [IQR 6.3–12.3] pg/mL, p = 0.04) (Table 2 and Fig. 2).