CSF2 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: Indeed, immunomodulatory agents such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increase Treg numbers and activity with parallel neuroprotective activities in PD and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [20, 23], [24], [25, 27], [28], [29], [30], [31].