Within the same tissue area, CD163+ TAMs showed significant spatial correlations exclusively with CD68+ monocytes/macrophages (tumor: r = 0.42, P = 6 × 10−3; stroma: r = 0.43, P = 4 × 10−2; Pearson; Supplementary Fig. S1B), confirming their subset classification as CD68+ cells. Here, CD163 is linked to neoplasm.