When these same 3 bile acids were individually coincubated with 20 ng/mL TNF-α, cyst diameters decreased 3.5±0.6- (TCA), 4.8±0.6- (GCA), and 5.4±0.6-fold (GCDCA), respectively (p<0.05) (Figure 1A). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and cyst.