Studies have shown that the probability of hypertension caused by VEGF signalling pathway inhibitors during antitumour therapy is approximately 11%–45%, among which the incidence of hypertension above grade 3 (referring to CTCAE grade 3–4, that is, SBP≥160 and/or DBP ≥100 mmHg) or life-threatening hypertension, even requiring emergency treatment, ranges from 2 to 20% (Xu et al., 2021). Here, VEGFA is linked to hypertensive disorder.