MT-ND2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In addition, the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase 2 (mt-ND2), a T1D-associated SNP, demonstrates a resistant allele that prevents diabetes in NOD mice, a model of T1D, following adoptive transfer of diabetogenic T-cells, and reduces T-cell mediated killing of a β-cell line in vitro (Chen et al., 2011).