Within the matched cohort with T1D, the factors associated with DFU were higher body height (p = .013), increased HbA1c (p < .001), triglycerides as well as the ratio of TC/HDL or LDL/HDL (all p < .01), smoking history (p = .007), and multiple subcutaneous daily injections with insulin pens (p < .001). Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.