CST3 and diabetes mellitus: Secondly, when participants with CKD were excluded, the results were similar after adjusting for confounding variables (including age, CRP, eGFR, sex; HDL-c, LDL-c, UA, CLD, PLT, Cystatin C; Hypertension, HBA1C, diabetes, smoking, drinking status), the TyG-BMI association with stroke risk remained positively significant, with an HR(95% CI) of 1.048 (1.027–1.070, per 10 units of TyG-BMI).