On the other hand, anti-MAGE antibodies, present in the sera from mice vaccinated with genetically engineered M13 bacteriophages displaying pVIII::MAGE-A1 or pIII::MAGE-A1 fusion proteins, were able to bind to the MAGE-A1161–169 tumor epitopes present on tumor cells, which resulted in their staining (Figure 5). Here, MAGEA1 is linked to neoplasm.