TIMP1 and pulmonary fibrosis: In a paraquat-induced acute lung injury model, naringin not only decreased the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and TNF-β1 but also inhibited oxidative stress by activating the expression of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and heme oxygenase 1) and regulated collagen formation by modulating the ratio of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) to MMP-9, thereby preventing lung fibrosis [170].