VDR and infection: In this sense, many genetic markers such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes such as the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR), Toll-like receptors, cytokine/chemokines and their receptors, vitamin D receptor (VDR), and SLC11A1 have been related to the susceptibility of infection by tuberculosis [22].