To solve this dilemma, an innovative nanoparticle (HA/ZIF-8@Gem/D-1-MT NPs) has been designed to efficiently encapsulate the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine and an IDO inhibitor, 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan (1-MT) [22], leading to positive therapeutic effects and a synergistic anti-tumor immune response in OS-TME [22]. This evidence concerns the gene IDO1 and neoplasm.