Compared with UT mice, the mRNA expression of CCL3 and CXCL11 was upregulated to 2.63 ± 0.66 fold (p = 0.0001) and 3.36 ± 0.76 fold (p = 0.0001), respectively, in the corneal epithelia of DS mice, while topical administration of 2% ectoine significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of these chemokines to near normal levels, 1.29 ± 0.42 (p = 0.0003) and 2.08 ± 0.48 (p = 0.0013) (Figure 5A). Here, CXCL11 is linked to Dravet syndrome.