After PSM, the patient characteristics were well balanced in both groups, with no significant differences in demographic variables (age, body mass index (BMI), sex, hypertension, diabetes, and prior abdominal surgery), liver-related factors (virology, model for end-stage liver disease score, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, international normalized ratio, platelet count, and Child-Pugh score), and tumor-related factors (prior transarterial chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, preoperative α-fetoprotein level, and mean tumor size). This evidence concerns the gene GPT and diabetes mellitus.