PAK3 and lung carcinoma: Overall, the MNL4924 treatment could attenuate the chemoresistance profile in lung cancer cells by upregulating specific ncRNAs that inhibit protein-coding genes related to stemness maintenance signaling (DGCR8, RAD9B, ADAM10, DLK2, GLI3, GPR161, ANAPC10, CDKN2C, and SMC3) and also by the downregulation of certain ncRNAs to allow the function of protein-coding genes related to cell differentiation (MEF2A, EPAS1, and NR3C1), cell adhesion (PAK3 and ROCK1), and apoptosis (CASP2 and XIAP) signaling pathways (Figure 3B).