In the context of the pathogenesis of T1DM, TYK2 (a member of the JAK family) enhances antigen presentation by stimulating the expression of HLA gene class I and promotes the expression of the chemokine CXCL10, which causes the activation of T cells and their recruitment toward the pancreatic islets, thereby increasing the risk of developing the autoimmune process [70] (Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene TYK2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.