Increasing CMA activity or upregulating key CMA components such as LAMP-2A has been shown to mitigate neurotoxicity associated with α-synuclein and protect against dopaminergic neuron loss: genetic overexpression of Lamp2a has demonstrated clearance of α-synuclein in dopaminergic neurons and reduced cell loss in vivo [72] and, pharmacologically, the use of alphaRAR inhibitors like AR7 and QX77 or other CMA activators like the peptide Humanin has been shown to enhance LAMP-2A levels and CMA activity in various in vitro PD models [15,18,19]. Here, SNCA is linked to Parkinson disease.