In our investigation of the chemokine profile in the extracellular vitreous humor using a high-sensitive chemiluminescence detection system, we observed a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (CCL2 and CCL20), the macrophage inhibitory cytokine GDF-15, anti-apoptotic factors (osteopontin—OPN), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP3), urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) inhibitor (serpin E1), and metabolism regulators (adiponectin, DPPIV, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3) following retinal detachment (Figure 7, Supplementary Figure S1 and Supplementary Table S6). This evidence concerns the gene GDF15 and retinal detachment.