Alpha-Synuclein (αSyn) aggregates (a pathological hallmark of PD) have been shown to lead to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration through double-stranded DNA breaks and the induction of the DNA sensor GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) immune pathway, in a microglial and astrocyte mixed culture and a mouse model of PD [62]. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and Parkinson disease.