Regarding its antidiabetic effects, SFN was found to reduce insulin resistance via the PI3K/Akt and JNK/IKK, AMPK/mTOR pathways, enhance glucose transport via the IRS-1/Akt/GLUT4 and PPAR/GLUT4 pathways, and improve blood glucose levels via the PPAR/GSK/GS pathway [32]. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is Insulin resistance.