NPPB and cancer: As highlighted for the other biomarkers, IL-6 seems to play a role in predicting prognosis in HF patients [79], and it was also found, together with CRP, to be proportionally elevated to the cardiovascular peptides (such as NTproBNP) in a population of 555 individuals with different types and stages of cancer that had not yet undergone chemotherapy; in addition, similarly to the trend of cardiac biomarkers, IL-6 serum levels were found to be higher in patients with more advanced stages of cancer [26].