Table 2 summarizes broad knowledge of the role of HDAC inhibitors in lung pathobiology [46,66,142,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239]. Emerging evidence demonstrated that ALI/ARDS is regulated (not entirely but at least partially) by HDACs [240,241,242]. Here, HDAC9 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.