NRAS and cutaneous melanoma: Aberrations in kinases such as proto-oncogene BRAF (exons 11 and 15; p.V600E), NRAS (exons 2 and 3; codons 12, 13, and 61), or KIT (exons 11, 13, 17, and 18) are key factors in human skin melanomas, regulating melanocyte proliferation survival and apoptosis.