PFDN5 mRNA and protein were examined in ectopic (lesion) and eutopic endometrial tissue from women with endometriosis and in eutopic endometrium from those without endometriosis using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively, while function of PFDN5 in vitro was evaluated using cell count and migration assays. The gene discussed is PFDN5; the disease is endometriosis.