Specifically, BM mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) from patients diagnosed with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are characterized by upregulated mRNA levels of NLPR3 inflammasome-related genes (i.e., CASP1, NLRP3, IL-18, and IL-1β) compared to BMMNCs from healthy controls [211], while their PBMCs also display increased levels of CASP1 transcripts [212]. This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and myelodysplastic syndrome.