IRF1 and neoplasm: IRF1 inhibits the expression of the survivin protein gene (BIRC5), activates the transcription of caspase genes (CASP1, CASP7, and CASP8), the PUMA apoptosis modulator gene, and others, and also has a positive effect on the induction of the TRAIL signaling pathway, known for its ability to activate tumor cell apoptosis [26,27,28,29,30,31,32].