TGFB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Xu et al. [46] demonstrated that extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived long non-coding RNA LINC00482 modulates the miR-142-3p/TGF-β1 axis, inducing M2 polarization in microglia and fostering a pre-metastatic niche for NSCLC brain metastases.