PLXND1 and rheumatoid arthritis: Similarly, Uto et al. identified the membrane proteins Plexin D1 (PLXD1), Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain (CYBB), solute carrier family 1 member 2 (SLCIA2), neogenin (NEO1), and intracellular adhesion molecule 5 (ICAM5) as being significantly upregulated in the serum EVs of DM patients compared to HCs and patients diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), and Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) [7].