In ER+ breast cancer cell lines that have become oestrogen independent following long term oestrogen deprivation, or resistant to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib increases in pS6 and other markers downstream of AKT are observed but little pAKT is detected or minimal to no change in pAKT [50, 51]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is breast carcinoma.