PDCD1 and glioma: Thus, we compared the expression of immune checkpoints in two groups of glioma patients, which are currently undergoing clinical trials in several clinical trials, and the analysis showed that a variety of immune checkpoints were significantly more highly expressed in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group (p < 0.05), including CD27, CD96, CD274 (PD-L1), CD276 (B7-H3), CTLA4, HAVCR2 (TIM-3), ICOS, IL4I1, LAG3, LGALS9, PDCD1 (PD-1), TIGIT, TNFRSF4 (OX40), TNFRSF9 and TNFRSF18 (GITR) (Fig. 8).