CD274 and colitis: During the development of DSS-induced colitis, PD-L1-Fc effectively promotes the development of colonic Th1 cells through preferential suppression of Th17 cells17, which is consistent with the flow cytometry results in our study, and the effect of PD-L1-Fc/Oxi-αCD nanoparticles on Th1 cells was more significant than that of the other treatments.