As for 4R-3R, we selected the cryo-EM structure of the tau filaments from AD brains (PDB ID: 5O3L)49,50 while for 4R we considered the cryo-EM structure of tau filaments from Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) (PDB ID: 7P65)11. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.