Although several western studies provided evidence regarding the relationship between molecular phenotypes, clinicopathological factors, and PD-L1 expression in NSCLC patients, it is widely acknowledged that the genomic profiling of Chinese NSCLC is significantly different from that of TCGA, especially the mutation rates of EGFR, which can be up to approximately 50%.[14,15] To date, there are few relevant studies and evidence regarding the relationship between the above factors and PD-L1 expression in Chinese NSCLC patients. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.